Bacterial skin Infections

Bacterial skin infections are common dermatological problems

Pyogenic infections are caused by mostly by Staphylococcus aureus  & streptococcus pyogenes.

Most of the pyodermas are more frequent during summer & rainy seasons.

Pyogenic infections on a normal skin is called primary pyoderma, while infection over a pre-existing skin disease is called secondary pyoderma.

Staphylococcal skin infections

      *   Abscess

Boil / furuncle

Carbuncle

Ecthyma

Impetigo

TSS ( Toxic Shock Syndrome)

SSSS (Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome)

Sycosis barbae / vulgaris

Drug of choice

Systemic:

Flucloxacillin ( 500mg/250mg cap.) 50 mg/kg/day in divided doses.

 1 tsf=125mg duration of treatment : 5- 10 days

Dicloxacillin

Cloxacillin

Cephalaxin

Cephradine

Rifampicin (cap. Rifampicin 450 mg 1+0+0 for 2-4 weeks)

Topical :

Apply 2-3 times daily

Mupirocin oint.

Fusidic acid cream/ oint.

Silver sulfadiazine cream,Neomycin + Bacitracin zinc  oint.P.P wash(KMnO4) Povidone iodine solution/ gargle & mouth wash/cream/ointment

Streptococcal skin infections :

Cellulitis

Erysipelas

Ecthyma

Erythema marginatum

Necrotizing fascitis

Impetigo contagiosa

Drug of choice

Azithromycin

Penicillin

Erythromycin

Cephalexin

Cephradine

Corynebacterial skin infections

Pitted keratolysis

Erythrasma

Desert sore/ulcer

Drug of choice : Azithromycin, Erythromycin

Gram negative folliculitis

Klebsiella

Escherichia

Proteus

Pseudomonas

Drug of choice : Quinolones,

   3th  & 4th generation cephalosporins, Gentamycin

What is Anthrax?

 Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis. This rod-shaped microbe grows in soil, where it can be ingested by sheep, cows, horses and goats. Anthrax most commonly occurs in warm-blooded animals, but can also infect humans.

Bacillus anthracis

Large, Gram positive, non-motile rod

Vegetative form
and spores

Nearly worldwide distribution

Over 1,200 strains

Animal to human transmission is common  paticularly cattlemen,woolsorters,tanners,,butchers,

    workers in goat-hair industry.

 Human to human transmission has occurred from contact with dressings from lesions

Anthrax Treatment

Cutaneous Anthrax: Curative with

Tab.Ciprofloxacin(500mg) 1+0+1 for 60 days

or

Cap.Doxicycline (100mg) 1+0+1 for 60 days.

(If no systemic involment,no head neck involvement, no significant edema and children below 2 yr are not included)

Others : Penicillin